Symbolism

Symbolism: Generally, anything that represents, stads for, something else. Usually a symbol is something concrete- such as an aboject, character, action or scene- that represents something more abstract.

Example: The whip in Frederick Douglass.

The whip in the book stands for many things, like suffering, cruelty and injustice. Throught the book we see how the whipe is represented as a bad thing. For example like the first time he saw a whipping in his life. It was the one when his aunt got whipped for no reason. This was injustice. But also when their masters would threaten them that if they did not work they would beat them, that was injustice.

Personafication

Personafication: A figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes. Personafication ius used to make these abstractions, animals, or objects appear more vivid to the reader.

Example: " By far the largest part of the slave know as little of their ages as horses know of theirs."
( Frederick Douglass, pg. 1)

This is an example of personafication because he's comparing the slave to horses. He says that they know , when it's clear that a horse can't think. A horse really do not know that how old they are because they do not have a sence of actually knowing what is going on. On the other hand a slave can think, but their masters do not allow them to know much.

Anticlimax

Anticlimax: A sudden drop form the dignified or important in thought or expression to the commonplace or trivial, often for humorous effect.

Example:
"Hey, Big Shot," he teased.
"Hi, Reggie."
"Are you scared?"
"Alittle."
"Are you sure you want to do this?" he asked." I don't think it's a very good idea."
"Why?"
"White folks."
"Huh?"
"You'll stick out like a raisin in a bowl of rice."
Sylvia smiled at the thought, then looked fown at her shoes. "I know," she said with a sight.
(Fire from the Rock, Sharon M. Draper, Pg. 69)

This is an example of anticlimax because the boy Reggie, is trying to make a humorous quote to forget about the real situation. He does not feel like Sylvia going to an integrated school is a good idea. He feels like she's going to get hurt from all the white kids.

Anecdote

Anecdote: A brief recounting of a revelant episode, frequently personal or biographical. Aneccdotes are often inserted into fiction or nonfiction as a way of developing a point or injecting humor.

Example:
" bieng hanged in England is preferable  to dying a natural death in Ireland"

This is an anecdote  because he's talking about how he desired to go to Baltimore, and then he gave this anecdote talking about a prover of Baltimore.

Ad hominem argument/attack :

Ad hominem argumen/attack: A personal attack on the character or other traits of one's opponent rather that an argument agains his or her ideas.

Example: 
" Not everyone, however, was so supportive. One woman, whose rolls of fat under her tight white suit made her look like a yeast bread in the bowl, waddled over to Sylvia and said, "Stick with your own kind, girl. Mixing the races will only get you hurt. They don't want you there. You hear?"

This is an attack agains the lady because the girl was not focusing on the problem. She was more worried about they way the lady looked instead of worrying about herself.

Ellipsis

Ellipsis:  (1) In grammar, the omission of a word or words necessary for complete construction but understood in context; (2) The sign that something has been left out of a quotation.

Example: 
"If looks could kill'..." Mrs. Patterson's voice trailed off and Sylvia rolled her eyes at her sister. 
(Fire from the Rock, Sharon M. Draper, Pg. 58)



This is an example of ab ellipsis because Draper wanted the reader to let them imagine what would have Mrs. Patterson was imagining. 

Abstract Language

Abstract Language: Describing ideas and qualities rather than obsevations or specific things, people, or places. The observable or "physical" is usually described in concrete language.

SONNET 130

My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;
Coral is far more red than her lips' red;
If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;
If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.
I have seen roses damask'd, red and white,
But no such roses see I in her cheeks; 
And in some perfumes is there more delight
Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks.
I love to hear her speak, yet well I know
That music hath a far more pleasing sound;
I grant I never saw a goddess go;
My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground:
   And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare
   As any she belied with false compare. 

Shakespeare's sonnet contains a lot of abstract language because he uses other words to describe his mistress. LIke her breast are dun, which means that her breast are dark, wires grow in her hair, she has nappy and hard hair. He also says that no such roses see I in her cheeks, which means that her cheeks are not rosey. SHe also smells but he uses "delight" instead. You can tell that she's big because she treads on the ground. SHe has a heavy step. And that she is red, just like their love. But he uses rare instead of saying that their love was wrong. SInce she is a colored woman and he is merried and whith children.