Denotation

Denotation: The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word.

"And on a day we meet to walk the line
And set the wall between us once again.
We keep the wall between us as we go.
To each the boulders that have fallen to each."

This poem has examples of denotation because of the meaning of the word "wall" .The wall in this poem is actually a wall that's between them.

Consonance

Consonance: The repetition of a consonant sound within two or more words in close proximity.



" Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.
A peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked.
If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers,
Where's the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked? "

This is an example of consonance because of the consonance letter"p". The sound of the "p" is used in all the sentences of this tongue twister. 

Connotation

Connotation: The non-literal, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning.



"True! uneasy, very, very strangely uneasy I had been and am; but why will you say that I am lacking stability? The ailment had honed my senses, not consumed, not lessened their strength. Above all was the sense of hearing really good. I heard everything in the air and in the ground. I heard many things in the underworld. How then am I lacking stability? Listen and observe how wonderfully, how calmly, I can tell you the whole story."
(The Tell-Tale Heart, Edgar Allan Poe)


In this excert Poe gives some words a different meaning of what they actually mean.  For example "unseasy" could be another word for worried. "Stability" in this case could mean sence. "Air" is substitued for the word sky, or for Heaven. And "ground" for Earth. THis shows some of the examples of connotations.

Hyperbole

Hyperbole: Figure of speech using deliberates exaggeration or overstatement. Not intended literally, hyporbole may be humorous or serious.


"Baby you can ask me to take a break
I’ll give it all away, don’t care what the people say
I’ll be a million, billion, trillion miles away"
(Make Me Proud, Drake and Niki Minaj)

This song has an example of hyporbole because she is exxagerating on how for she will go. She could not possibly be a million miles away from him. Thats not possible. Not here on Earth. But shes just trying to make a point.

Alliteration

Alliteration: The repetition of initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words. The repetition can reinforce meaning, unify ideas, and/or supply a musical sound.


"While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,"

(The Raven, Edgar Allan Poe)

In this sentence is clear there is some alliteration. The repetition of the "n" sound in 'nodded', 'nearly',and 'napping' makes this alliteration. 

Sarcasm

Sarcasm: (from the Greek, "to tear the flesh") Sarcasm involves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something. It may use irony as a device, but not all ironic statements are sarcastic, that it, intending to ridicule. When well done, sarcasm can be witty and insightful; when poorly done, it is simply cruel.

"wherefore hast thou dealt thus with us, to carry us forth out of Egypt?"
(The Bible, Exodus 14:11)

This quote has sarcasm, they tell the king have they run out of graves, and is that the reason that they are taken to the wilderness to die. He says it in a way that is supposed to make the other person feel some type of way. 

Point Of View

Point of view: In literature, the perspective from wich the story is told. There are two general divisions of point of view and many subdivisions within those.

• The First Person Narrator tells the story with the first person pronoun"I," and is a character in the story. THis narrator can be the protagonist, a participant, or an observer.

"When I die, I shall attempt to be buried in New Hamshire- alongside my mother- but the Anglican Church will perform the necessary service before my body sufferes the indignity of trying to be sneaked  through U.S Customs." -John

(John Irving, A Prayer For Owen Meany)

This quote shows that this is a first person point of view in A Prayer For Owen Meany because he is a character in the book as well as the narrator. So he tells us the things that we do not see. And what he thinks is going on in the story. We never know what the character are saying, only what they are thinking. 

Onomatopoeia

Onomatopoeia: A figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words.

"To the  that tintinnabulation so musically wells."
(Edgar Alla Poe, The Bells)

This is an example of onomatopoeia because the word "tintinnabulation" represents the sound of the bells. The dingling of the bells.  

Irony

Irony: The contrast between what is stated ecplicitly and what is really meant; the difference between what appears to be and what is actually true. Also used to define the tragic contrast between the aspirtions of huma beings and the dark elements of life that frustrate them; in addition, when used to describe the view of humanity in which human limitations and posturing are seen as debasting and ridiculous, there is in the ironic view an element of mockery.

"An old man turned ninety-eight
He won the lottery and died the next day
It's a black fly in your Chardonnay
It's a death row pardon two minutes too late
And isn't it ironic... don't you think

It's like rain on your wedding day
It's a free ride when you've already paid
It's the good advice that you just didn't take
Who would've thought... it figures

Mr. Play It Safe was afraid to fly
He packed his suitcase and kissed his kids goodbye
He waited his whole damn life to take that flight
And as the plane crashed down he thought
"Well isn't this nice..."
And isn't it ironic... don't you think

It's like rain on your wedding day
It's a free ride when you've already paid
It's the good advice that you just didn't take
Who would've thought... it figures

Well life has a funny way of sneaking up on you
When you think everything's okay and everything's going right
And life has a funny way of helping you out when
You think everything's gone wrong and everything blows up
In your face

A traffic jam when you're already late
A no-smoking sign on your cigarette break
It's like ten thousand spoons when all you need is a knife
It's meeting the man of my dreams
And then meeting his beautiful wife
And isn't it ironic...don't you think
A little too ironic...and, yeah, I really do think...

It's like rain on your wedding day
It's a free ride when you've already paid
It's the good advice that you just didn't take
Who would've thought... it figures

Life has a funny way of sneaking up on you
Life has a funny, funny way of helping you out
Helping you out"
(Alanis Morissette, Ironic"

This song has a lot of irony in it. It talks about how the old man dies right after he won the lottery. Then how the man that was afraid to fly, flew for the first time and his plane crashed. This is all ironic. Situational and verbal.

Allusion

Allusion: A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work art. Allusions can be historical, literally, religious, or mythical.

"Did from the flames of Troy uon his shoulder
The old Anchises bear, so from the waves of Tiber
Did I the tired Caesar."
(Julius Caesar, Cassius, Act 1 Scene 1, Lines 115-117)

This is an example of allusion because Cassius is telling the other people a story about how a hero rose.  He is expressing how he feels about Ceasar to Brutus.

Analogy

Analogy: A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. The comparison is often between two things in which the complex is explained in terms of the simple, or somthing unfamiliar is associated with something more familiar. The comparison suggests that if the two things are alike in certain respects, they will probably be alike in other ways as well. 

  "A rose by any other name would smell as sweet..."
(Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare, Lines 43-44)


This quote is an anology because it's saying how a rose even if it'c called something else it will still smell the same. The same thing happens when she is talking about Romeo's last name. Even if he is called a "Montague" or whatever name. She will still love him no matter what.

Assonance

Assonance: Repetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity.

"Gaily bedight,
A gallant night
In sunshine and in shadow,
Had journeyed long,
Singing a song,
In search of El Dorado.
But he grew old -
This knight so bold -
And - o'er his heart a shadow
Fell as he found
No spot of ground
That looked like El Dorado'."
                (El Dorado, Edgar Allan Poe)

This poem contains a lot of assonance. It has the repetition of -ah- in "gaily" "gallant". It also has the repetition of -i- in "gaily" "bednight" "night" and "sunshine".

Figurative Language

Firurative Language: Writting or speech not intended to convey literal meaning,  usually imaginative and vivid.

"Love is a naked shadow
On a gnarled and naked tree."
(Hughes "Song for a Black Girl" Lines 13 and 14)


This is an example of figurative language because it says that love is naked. Love is not something that you can give a color to. And it does not have a shape. This is not the only thing that is being given a human characteristic, the tree is being described as something naked. A tree could not be naked because it does not wear clothes.

Apostrophe

Apostrophe: A figure of speech that directly addresses and absent or imaginary person, a personified abstraction, or sometimes an inanimate object. The effect may add emotional insensity or familiarity.


"The clock struck nine when I did send the Nurse.

In half an hour she promised to return.

Perchance she cannot meet him. That’s not so.

Oh, she is lame! Love’s heralds should be thoughts,

Which ten times faster glide than the sun’s beams,

Driving back shadows over louring hills.

Therefore do nimble-pinioned doves draw love

And therefore hath the wind-swift Cupid wings.

Now is the sun upon the highmost hill

Of this day’s journey, and from nine till twelve

Is three long hours, yet she is not come.

Had she affections and warm youthful blood,

She would be as swift in motion as a ball.

My words would bandy her to my sweet love,

And his to me.

But old folks, many feign as they were dead,

Unwieldy, slow, heavy, and pale as lead."

               ( Shakespeare, "Romeo and Juliet," line 1 to 14)


This quote shows an apostrophe because Juliet is talking to erself about the nurse. Since "Romeo and Juliet" is a play Juliet pretends that she does not see the crowd. She shows how desperate she is and how worried she is about the nurse coming back home, since she has taken a long time gettng back.

Yadira Medina
Mr.Geroux
Period 4.
27 September 2012